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Let's today go to the basics of Internal Control classification. Controls are basically classified as Preventive and Detective. I am discussing both the types of controls alongwith some examples.
Preventive Controls - Preventive Controls focus on preventing errors or exceptions. Here are a few examples of preventive controls:
1. Standards, policies and procedures are the most basic type of preventive control.
2. Segregation of duties also acts as a preventive control agtainst fraud.
3. Authorization / Approval levels also prevent the risk of an illegal act and are thus preventive in nature.
Detective Controls - Detective controls are designed to identify an error or exception after it has occured. A few examples are:
1. Exception reports. Review of various exception reports helps in detecting errors.
2. Reconcliations. After the fact reconcliations act as a double check against errors and exceptions.
3. Periodic Audits also act as a very good detective control.
More on Internal Controls..>>
Designing Internal Controls
Internal Control Deficiency
Company Level Vs. Company Wide Controls
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